A rather more obvious circuit uses a MOSFET or bipolar transistor as a switch, driving the gate or base with the 3.3V logic and taking the 5V logic output from the drain or collector. This is very ...

Over the years, we’ve seen some modern microcontrollers turn out to be 5V-tolerant – now, RP2040 joins the crowd. Half a year ago, when we covered an ISA card based on a Pi Pico, [Eben Upton ...